Key result
Men with schizophrenia had significantly lower peak oxygen uptake compared to the general population, and patients below established VO2peak thresholds were 28.3 times more likely to have cardiovascular disease risk factors.
Why the study?
Is VO2peak reduced in patients with schizophrenia compared to the general population, and does it correlate with cardiovascular risk factors and quality of life?
Cross-Sectional (n=33)
No
Is VO2peak reduced in patients with schizophrenia compared to the general population, and does it correlate with cardiovascular risk factors and quality of life?
Patients with schizophrenia, particularly men, have significantly reduced VO2peak compared to the general population, which strongly correlates with increased cardiovascular risk and reduced quality of life.
Supports VO2peak screening in schizophrenia; hypothesis-generating for exercise interventions to reduce CV risk.
BACKGROUND: Peak oxygen uptake (VO(2peak)) is a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality, but is inadequately described in patients with schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to evaluate treadmill VO(2peak), CVD risk factors and quality of life (QOL) in patients with schizophrenia (ICD-10, F20-29). METHODS: 33 patients, 22 men (33.7 ± 10.4 years) and 11 women (35.9 ± 11.5 years), were included. Patients VO(2peak) were compared with normative VO(2peak) in healthy individuals from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT). Risk factors were compared above and below the VO(2peak) thresholds; 44.2 and 35.1 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹ in men and women, respectively. RESULTS: VO(2peak) was 37.1 ± 9.2 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹ in men with schizophrenia; 74 ± 19% of normative healthy men (p < 0.001). VO(2peak) was 35.6 ± 10.7 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹ in women with schizophrenia; 89 ± 25% of normative healthy women (n.s.). Based on odds ratio patients were 28.3 (95% CI = 1.6-505.6) times more likely to have one or more CVD risk factors if they were below the VO(2peak) thresholds. VO(2peak) correlated with the SF-36 physical functioning (r = 0.58), general health (r = 0.53), vitality (r = 0.47), social function (r = 0.41) and physical component score (r = 0.51). CONCLUSION: Men with schizophrenia have lower VO(2peak) than the general population. Patients with the lowest VO(2peak) have higher odds of having one or more risk factors for cardiovascular disease. VO(2peak) should be regarded as least as important as the conventional risk factors for CVD and evaluation of VO(2peak) should be incorporated in clinical practice.
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Heggelund et al. (2011) conducted a cross-sectional in Schizophrenia (n=33). Patients with schizophrenia vs. Normative healthy individuals (HUNT study) was evaluated on Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) in men (p=<0.001). Men with schizophrenia had significantly lower peak oxygen uptake compared to the general population, and patients below established VO2peak thresholds were 28.3 times more likely to have cardiovascular disease risk factors.
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