An open breathing circuit is described that is suitable for the newborn infant. The addition of an end-tidal sampler allows accurate study of many pulmonary functions. Data obtained with this equipment are quite comparable to those obtained with more classic methods in neonatal physiology. The low alveolar CO2 tension commonly observed in the first days of life may result from decreased CO2 production by the fasting newborn infant. [See Fig 7 in Source Pdf]
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Nelson et al. (1962) studied this question.