Designing a computer-based simulator for interventional cardiology training

Interventional cardiology training traditionally involves one-on-one experience following a master-apprentice model, much as other procedural disciplines. Development of a realistic computer-based training system that includes hand-eye coordination, catheter and guide wire choices, three-dimensional anatomic representations, and an integrated learning system is desirable, in order to permit learning to occur safely, without putting patients at risk. Here we present the first report of a PC-based simulator that incorporates synthetic fluoroscopy, real-time three-dimensional interactive anatomic display, and selective right- and left-sided coronary catheterization and angiography using actual catheters. Significant learning components also are integrated into the simulator.