Influenza myopericarditis was associated with cardiogenic shock and a 19% mortality rate, whereas isolated pericarditis was more commonly associated with tamponade (41.2%) but no reported deaths.
Systematic Review (n=75)
Influenza myopericarditis is associated with high rates of cardiogenic shock and mortality, whereas isolated influenza pericarditis frequently presents with tamponade but has a better survival prognosis.
Myopericarditis is a rare complication of influenza infection. The presentation may range from mild and frequently unrecognized, to fulminant and potentially complicated by cardiogenic and/or obstructive shock (tamponade), which is associated with high mortality. We performed a review of literature on all influenza pericarditis and myopericarditis cases according to PRISMA guidelines using the PubMed search engine of the Medline database. Seventy-five cases of influenza myopericarditis and isolated pericarditis were identified from 1951 to 2021. Influenza A was reported twice as often as influenza B; however, influenza type did not correlate with outcome. Men and elderly patients were more likely to have isolated pericarditis, while women and younger patients were more likely to have myopericarditis. All included patients had pericardial effusion, while 36% had tamponade. Tamponade was more common in those with isolated pericarditis (41.2%) than myopericarditis (13.8%). Cardiogenic shock was more common in patients with myopericarditis (64%), with an overall mortality rate of 14.7%. Nearly 88% of the recovered patients remained without long-term complications reported. Conclusion: Influenza A appears a more common cause of pericarditis and myopericarditis. Isolated pericarditis was more commonly associated with tamponade but without reported deaths, whereas myopericarditis was more commonly associated with cardiogenic shock and death (19%).
Radovanovic et al. (Fri,) conducted a systematic review in Influenza myopericarditis and pericarditis (n=75). Influenza infection was evaluated on Clinical outcomes including tamponade, cardiogenic shock, and mortality. Influenza myopericarditis was associated with cardiogenic shock and a 19% mortality rate, whereas isolated pericarditis was more commonly associated with tamponade (41.2%) but no reported deaths.