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The study aims to assess the tolerance of Candidatus Scalindua sp. to high nitrate concentrations in a biofilm reactor.

May 29, 2026Microbes and Environments0 citationsOpen Access

Performance of Marine Anammox Candidatus Scalindua sp. under High Nitrate Conditions in a Biofilm Reactor

JRJonathan A.C. RoquesSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences NFNaoki FujiiHiroshima University EUEbuka UnegbuUniversity of Gothenburg

Key Points

The study aims to assess the tolerance of Candidatus Scalindua sp. to high nitrate concentrations in a biofilm reactor.
Exposed a continuous reactor to increasing nitrate concentrations up to 3,200 mg N L–1.
Measured removal efficiencies for ammonium and nitrite.
Monitored relative abundance of Candidatus Scalindua over time.
Removal efficiencies for ammonium and nitrite were above 97% after recovery.
Candidatus Scalindua relative abundance declined to 0.8% at high nitrate levels but recovered to 6.5% after one year.
EC50 values for ammonium and nitrite were 3,000 mg N L–1.

Abstract

To investigate the NO3– tolerance of Candidatus Scalindua sp., a continuous reactor was gradually exposed to increasing NO3– concentrations up to 3,200 mg N L–1. High NH4+ and NO2– removal efficiencies were maintained up to 2,600 mg N L–1, above which performance declined and Ca. Scalindua relative abundance decreased to 0.8%. After one year of recovery, removal efficiencies exceeded 97%, whereas Ca. Scalindua relative abundance only reached 6.5%. EC50 values for NH4+ and NO2– were both 3,000 mg N L–1. We demonstrated that our enriched Ca. Scalindua population tolerated NO3– up to 2,600 mg N L–1, far exceeding the levels typically encountered in most human-derived wastewaters.

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