Timely healthcare access among left-behind older parents of migrants in Bangladesh: A qualitative study

Purpose This study explores the role of remittances from migrant children influence healthcare access for left-behind older parents in Bangladesh, in the context of rapid international labor migration. Methods We conducted a qualitative study using a descriptive phenomenological approach, guided by social exchange and kinship solidarity theory, between April and December 2017. We conducted 15 In-depth interviews (IDIs) among purposively selected individuals aged (age 60 and above) years at their homes in Bangla, using flexible semi-structured guide and obtaining verbal consent. Data collection continued until saturation, and verbatim transcripts were analyzed manually using an integrative thematic approach. Findings Participants’ lived experiences showed remittances were typically used for repayment of migration debt and accumulation of long-term assets as most older parents had little say in distribution of remittances. Financial decisions were largely controlled by other household members. Lack of funds to seek independent healthcare was a constraint. Health expenditures were also marginalized by social pressures to maintain family prestige through visible investments. Many accepted the decline of their health, which increased their physical and psychological vulnerabilities. Dependence on others, combined with reluctance to burden family or neighbors, led many to accept deteriorating health. Coping strategies included informal support networks, self-medication, traditional remedies, and spiritual practices. Conclusions Our findings challenge assumption that remittance-receiving households ensure adequate healthcare access for older adults. These findings highlight need for targeted interventions, including nurse-led outreach, community-based caregiving, caregiver training, expanded social safety nets, and telemedicine solutions to improve healthcare access for aging populations in migrant-sending communities.