Adjusting the Mesh Size beneath the Bladder Can Lead to Postoperative Overactive Bladder Symptom Alleviation or Improvement in Patients Treated with Transvaginal Mesh Surgery

Objectives: In the preoperative period, patients with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) frequently experience overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms, and transvaginal mesh surgery (TVM) is an effective approach for POP treatment, but postoperative symptoms may persist even in patients who underwent repair surgery for POP. We here investigated patients with POP who underwent TVM at our institution to determine the factors causing postoperative OAB symptoms following TVM. Materials and Methods: The study enrolled 132 patients who underwent TVM at our hospital between June 2016 and September 2023. To determine the independent factors contributing to postoperative OAB symptoms or OAB improvement, the Pearson Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis were employed. To assess the change in OAB symptoms, we used the OAB symptom score (OABSS). Results: Correlation analyses revealed that ORIHIME ® with the adjustment of the mesh size (AMS) beneath the bladder was significantly associated with decreased postoperative OAB symptoms and OAB improvement (both P < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that an independent contributor to the postoperative decline of OAB symptoms and postoperative OAB improvement was ORIHIME ® with AMS beneath the bladder. Furthermore, box plots showed a significant decrease in OABSS at 3–12 months postoperatively in the group that used ORIHIME ® with AMS beneath the bladder. Conclusion: Adjusting the mesh size beneath the bladder can lead to postoperative OAB symptom alleviation or improvement. In TVM using ORIHIME ® , the mesh size should match the bladder size to reduce postoperative OAB symptoms.