Protease Inhibitors and Urolithiasis

PURPOSE: We discuss the specific urological abnormalities associated with protease inhibitor therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We report on a human immunodeficiency virus positive patient who was on protease inhibitor therapy and presented with renal colic. RESULTS: The stone passed spontaneously. Stone analysis was not consistent with any known composition of urinary calculus. CONCLUSIONS: The positive effects of protease inhibitors in human immunodeficiency virus positive patients mandate that the urological community become familiar with these drugs and the specific urological complications as the use of these drugs becomes widespread.