HHO-based Model Predictive Controller for Combined Voltage and Frequency Control Problem Including SMES

This paper discusses the modelling and control of a combined load frequency control (LFC) and automatic voltage regulator (AVR) system for a multi-area power system network with each generating area includes thermal, diesel, and solar thermal power plant. Superconducting magnetic energy storage is incorporated with the LFC loop to provide auxiliary control against instantaneous changes in active power demand. Model Predictive Controller (MPC) has been employed in this study to improve the performance of AVR and LFC loops, and controller weights are fine-tuned with the help of Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) approach. The effectiveness of the proposed MPC-HHO algorithm has been examined by comparing its transient performance indices with that of conventional MPC, PID, FOPID, fuzzy PID, integral double derivative with derivative filter controller as well as Particle Swarm Optimization and Sine Cosine Algorithm based Model Predictive Controllers. The proposed MPC-HHO controller gives superior results than the above-mentioned controllers.