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Country's economic growth and high policy target makes transition towards renewable source of generation. This transition in power system from synchronous machines to power electronic based renewable generation is challenge for system operation in maintaining demand-generation balance. This balance needs to be maintained for secure and reliable system operations. However, any imbalance due to inevitable contingency like loss of load or generation may cause events of frequency fall or rise. The inceptive stage of frequency deviation is controlled by system inertia. However, due to power electronics-based interface, renewable generation provides zero or less inertia support. Along with, large integration of renewable systems would displace large fleet of synchronous units and thus declines system inherent inertia. In this context, this paper gives a detailed trends of inertia emulation in low carbon power systems. Various sources of inertia along with its controlled strategies are discussed. This paper will provide a detailed review of inertia emulation which techniques to provide an insight for system operation for secure and reliable operations in future power system.
Kumar et al. (Sun,) studied this question.