Make Web3.0 Connected

<tex-math notation="LaTeX">Web3.0</tex-math> , often cited to drastically shape our lives, is ubiquitous. However, few literatures have discussed the crucial differentiators that separate <tex-math notation="LaTeX">Web3.0</tex-math> from the era we are currently living in. Via a thorough analysis of the recent blockchain infrastructure evolution, we capture a key invariant featuring the evolution, based on which we provide the first academic definition for <tex-math notation="LaTeX">Web3.0</tex-math> . Our definition is not the only way of understanding <tex-math notation="LaTeX">Web3.0</tex-math> , yet, it captures the fundamental and defining trait of <tex-math notation="LaTeX">Web3.0</tex-math> , and meanwhile it is has two desirable properties. Under this definition, we articulate three key categories of infrastructural enablers for <tex-math notation="LaTeX">Web3.0</tex-math> : individual smart-contract capable blockchains, federated or centralized platforms capable of publishing verifiable states, and an interoperability platform to hyperconnect those state publishers to provide a unified and connected computing platform for <tex-math notation="LaTeX">Web3.0</tex-math> applications. While innovations in all categories are necessary to fully enable <tex-math notation="LaTeX">Web3.0</tex-math> , in this article, we present a design for the third enabler, i.e., the first interoperability platform, namely <tex-math notation="LaTeX">HyperService</tex-math> , that advances the state-of-the-art by simultaneously delivers interoperability and programmability across heterogeneous blockchains and state publishers. <tex-math notation="LaTeX">HyperService</tex-math> is powered by two innovative designs: <tex-math notation="LaTeX">(i)</tex-math> a developer-facing programming framework that allows developers to build cross-chain applications in a unified programming model; and <tex-math notation="LaTeX">(ii)</tex-math> a secure blockchain-facing cryptography protocol that provably realizes those applications on blockchains. We implement a prototype of <tex-math notation="LaTeX">HyperService</tex-math> in approximately 62,000 lines of code to demonstrate its practicality, usability and scalability.