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ABSTRACT There is a large number of microorganisms in the human body, which are inseparable from human health. Today, with the development of technologies such as high‐throughput sequencing, high‐performance chromatography, and high‐resolution mass spectrometry, using multi‐omics (phylogeny, metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics, and metabolomics) to study the human microbiome has given us a deep understanding of the composition and function of human microbiota. Vaginal microbiota is closely related to women's vaginal health. Persistent vaginal sub‐health or bacterial vaginosis (BV) can greatly increase the risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and may cause gynecological diseases, including cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN) and cervical cancer. Herein, we review the current understanding of vaginal microbiota and its role in HPV infection and HPV‐related diseases. We focus on the role of critical vaginal bacteria, including Lactobacillus and anaerobic pathogens, from a multi‐omics perspective. We also conclude current clinical trials using vaginal microbiota and studies on its effects on cervical cancer. It is expected that more microbial strains in vaginal microbiota can be used for the treatment of HPV infection and HPV‐related diseases, and a clearer view of the role of vaginal microbiota in women's health can be gained in the future with the development of new techniques.
Zheng et al. (Wed,) studied this question.