Progress in Stable Isotope Analysis for Natural Fiber Traceability

Traceability in the fashion and textile supply chain is increasingly critical amid growing demands for sustainability and transparency. Stable isotope analysis provides a powerful means to verify the geographical origin and authenticity of plant and animal fibers through region-specific isotopic signatures. This article presents the first comprehensive synthesis of isotope-based traceability for cotton, wool, and silk, examining the fractionation mechanisms of four key isotopes (δ2H, δ18O, δ13C, δ15N) and the effects of environmental and processing factors on isotopic integrity. The review establishes a scientific foundation for future research, industrial applications, and standardization in textile traceability.