Observer-Based Attack Detection and Mitigation for Cyberphysical Systems: A Review

Demands for security, efficiency, and environmental protection have led to the rapid deployment of cyberphysical systems (CPSs), which are now an integral part of modern industries. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs), which provide distributed intelligent devices for monitoring physical and environmental conditions, are a CPS hallmark. CPSs often consist of distributed devices, such as sensors and actuators, to connect with and influence physical layer systems. Commonly, CPSs are monitored by supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. Integrating cyber and physical worlds facilitates more effective and efficient CPS operation. However, the gains come at the price of cyberattack vulnerability.