Effect of Filler Wire Composition on Welding Microstructure in Carbon Steel Using GMAW

The primary purpose of welding process development is to enhance the cost-effectiveness of joining operations in the fabrication and manufacturing industries. The quality, productivity, and cost of welding joints depend on the optimal welding parameters. In this study, we adapt a metallurgical approach using Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) by changing the chemical composition of welding fillers. The concept of microalloying is applied for designing the chemical composition of new filler by adding trace amounts of 0.25 wt% Ti and 0.12 wt% Mo. XRD and EBSD techniques were used to analyze the phase and microstructure, and EDS for analyzing the chemical composition on the fusion area of the joint part. It was observed that the addition of Ti and Mo microalloying elements in the welding filler successfully refined the microstructure in the fusion zone. Thus, the change in the filler composition revealed a potential method to enhance the joint property at a low cost.