Thermodynamics process of magnetized Sutterby hybrid bio-nanofluid flow in an overlapping stenosed artery under body acceleration and microbial influence

Purpose This study aims to explore the flow characteristics of a hexa-hybrid nanofluid through a narrowed (stenotic) artery in the presence of microorganisms. The Sutterby fluid model is used to accurately depict blood’s non-Newtonian rheological behavior. Design/methodology/approach Cylindrical polar coordinates are used to derive the governing equations, which are then nondimensionalized using suitable scaling parameters. The moderate stenosis assumption is used to simplify the mathematical model. The resulting dimensionless equations are numerically resolved using an explicit finite difference methodology, according to the specified initial and boundary conditions. Findings Electro-osmotic impacts and body acceleration greatly raise axial momentum, mainly in the stenosed area. The population of motile microorganisms declines with rising Peclet number, Reynolds number and bioconvection Schmidt number, reflecting less microorganism gathering under more vigorous flow conditions. Originality/value The innovative aspect of this study lies in how the authors investigate the flow of a hexa-hybrid nanofluid from the Sutterby model in a narrowed artery, considering the presence of motile microorganisms in the underlying fluid. This study could be a real contribution to advancing the understanding of hemodynamics in many vascular stenosis-related conditions, greatly supporting biomedical applications and hematologic drug delivery systems.