Does the herbicide active ingredient nicosulfuron exhibit ecotoxic effects on aquatic organisms and genotoxic actions on terrestrial plants?

, nicosulfuron was cytotoxic at the highest concentrations tested and genotoxic, inducing micronuclei at 3.12 mg/L. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of genotoxic effects of nicosulfuron examined in a plant model. Because the concentrations tested were markedly higher than those typically reported in environmental waters, these present results need to be interpreted primarily as a hazard-based screening of biological responses rather than a direct environmental risk characterization. Overall, our findings advance knowledge of effects of nicosulfuron on non-target organisms and support the need for further studies under environmentally relevant exposure scenarios.