Compatitive pharmacovigilance study of clozapine and it's safer substitutes in schizophrenia management

Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic medication primarily used for the management of treatment-resistant schizophrenia. It remains the most effective drug for resistant cases but is associated with serious adverse effects such as agranulocytosis, myocarditis, seizures, and metabolic disturbances. Due to its risk profile, strict and regular monitoring is required. This review summarizes the pharmacology, mechanism of action, therapeutic uses, dosing guidelines, adverse effects, drug interactions, and clinical monitoring requirements of clozapine. The paper aims to provide an evidence-based overview of clozapine to help clinicians improve therapeutic outcomes while minimizing risks.