Randomized trial compares survival outcomes in adults with AML treated with IC versus Ven-HMA, indicating IC offers better survival rates.
Key Points
This study compared survival outcomes between patients with acute myeloid leukemia treated with intensive chemotherapy and those treated with venetoclax combined with hypomethylating agents.
Identified adults with AML receiving either intensive chemotherapy or venetoclax-hypomethylating agent as initial therapy using the TriNetX research network.
Cohorts were propensity score–matched 1:1 based on demographics and health factors including TP53 mutation.
The primary outcomes assessed were mortality at 3, 6, and 12 months, along with secondary outcomes like sepsis and acute kidney injury.
At 3 months, mortality was lower with intensive chemotherapy (13.7%) compared to venetoclax-hypomethylating agents (18.1%) (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.65–0.86; p<0.0001).
At 6 months, mortality remained lower with intensive chemotherapy (20.3%) versus venetoclax-hypomethylating agents (29.6%) (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.59–0.74; p<0.0001).
At 12 months, mortality was significantly lower with intensive chemotherapy (30.8%) compared to venetoclax-hypomethylating agents (44.9%) (HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.58–0.69; p<0.0001).