Relationships of depression and anxiety to readmission rates among patients with diabetes from Harare and Parirenyatwa referral hospitals in Zimbabwe

BACKGROUND: The knowledge of determinants of readmission among individuals with diabetes minimises relapse and decreases diabetes associated morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVES: To explore the prevalence of depression and anxiety as well as determinants of readmission in individuals with diabetes from Harare, Zimbabwe. METHODS: A cross sectional study was carried out at Parirenyatwa and Harare group of hospitals. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling and interviewed at the diabetic clinics. Depression and anxiety were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Binary logistic regression was used to determine predictors of readmission. RESULTS: In total 65 participants took part, 36.9% were males. The mean age ±SD was 44.89±14.2 years. Anxiety affected 40% and 20% were at risk of anxiety, while depression was reported in 27.7% and 30.8% were at risk of depression. Depression [OR=0.64, 95%CI: 0.42-0.97 (p=0.037)] and checking of blood glucose [OR=0.06, 95%CI: 0.01-0.71 (p=0.025)] were significant negative predictors of readmission among diabetic patients while anxiety was a significant positive predictor OR=1.55, 95%CI: 1.09-2.21 (p=0.015). CONCLUSIONS: Mental health conditions in people living with diabetes are factors contributing to increased re admissions and are more prevalent with aging. Psychotherapy and education interventions are recommended for the elderly diabetic population.