The Myth of Tammuz in the Poetry of Mahmoud Darwish

In the belief of the ancient Babylonians, Tammuz was the name of the god of vegetation and corn in Mesopotamia, and Adonis was the god of the growth of vegetation among the Greeks and one of the Phoenician gods in the first millennium BC. These two myths probably have a common origin, and the story of both refers to the cycle of death and life and the succession of seasons, and is one of the attractive myths of literature in Palestine. In Darwish's poetry, life is the same as homeland, and the struggle for it, and death is equal to anonymity and displacement. Therefore, in some of his poems, the use of these literary phenomena can be seen.In this article, the author's goal is to identify and explain how the artistic functions and actions of this mythical god work in the poetic works of Mahmoud Darwish, the famous and modernist poet of Palestine, and to show the poet's use and ability in such a functional aspect to express his purpose and deliver his message in the conditions and circumstances of his time.Research findings show that Darwish, the poet of resistance, has been able to manifest the pride, freedom, glory and greatness of his country's past in this symbol of life, and thereby invite his people to roar and revive, and remind them of the destroyed valuable structures of his people.