Multidimensional Determinants of Investment Attractiveness in Polish Municipalities: An Empirical Analysis of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship

Subject and purpose of work The article aims to identify and analyze the determinants of investment attractiveness of municipalities in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, one of the major regions in Poland. Materials and methods The research was based on a hybrid approach, integrating quantitative and qualitative data. A total of 1,403 respondents participated, including residents, entrepreneurs, and local government representatives. Data collection included structured questionnaires and statistical analyses to evaluate relationships among factors influencing local investment attractiveness. Results The findings show that the strongest determinants of investment attractiveness are social factors (e.g., civic engagement, public safety), environmental factors (e.g., climate, access to resources), and economic factors (e.g., stability, tax policy). Conclusions The results of analysis indicate that the investment climate is not only a function of economic factors but is increasingly dependent on the quality of social life, regulatory transparency, and modern infrastructure solutions.