The manganous‐manganic equilibrium was studied in potassium, sodium, and lithium borate glasses. The glasses were analyzed chemically for total and trivalent manganese. The manganese equilibrium shifts more toward the oxidized state when the alkali concentration in the glass is increased and/or when the molar equivalent of lithia is replaced by soda and soda is replaced by potash. A linear relation between log (Mn 3+ /Mn 2+ ) and mole percent alkali oxide was observed. Straight lines were obtained for lithium, sodium, and potassium borates. The disadvantages of using a concentration equilibrium constant where the glass composition is varied are discussed.
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Paul et al. (1966) studied this question.
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