The Frequency of Bicuspid Aortic Valve in Healthy Young Adults Who Applied to the Health Board: A Tertiary Centre Experience: Retrospective Study

Objective: Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), which is the one of the most common congenital heart malformation and seen approximately 1-2% of the general population. It has been shown that BAV is associated aortic valve dysfunction (aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation or both) and increased risk for bacterial endocarditis from adult to the advanced ages. In this study, we aimed to determine the frequency of BAV disease in the asymptomatic young population who is applied to the health board. Material and Methods: 5,490 subjects who were consulted to the cardiology outpatient by health board were systematically analyzed from our hospital database system and 15 patients with BAV were identified. The frequency of BAV and aortic valve measurments were recorded. Patients with previous aortic valve intervention were excluded from the study. Results: Fifteen patients with BAV were identified (0.3%), all patients were newly diagnosed during screening at the health board. Mean age of the BAV subjects was 23.4±2.45 years. Two of them were female (13.3%) and thirteen of them (86.7%) were male. Aortic insufficiency was the most common pathology, mild in 11 (73.3%), and moderate in 2 (13.3%) cases. Only 2 (13.3%) patients had aortic dilatation. Aortic stenosis was not detected. Conclusion: Prevalence of BAV in asymptomatic young adults was lower than the literature.