Does primary prophylactic ICD-only therapy reduce mortality in patients with low ejection fraction due to CAD or DCM compared to conventional therapy?
Primary prophylactic ICD-only therapy significantly reduces arrhythmic and all-cause mortality in patients with ischemic or non-ischemic heart disease and LVEF ≤ 35%.
AIMS: Much controversy exists concerning the efficacy of primary prophylactic implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) in patients with low ejection fraction due to coronary artery disease (CAD) or dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). This is also related to the bias created by function improving interventions added to ICD therapy, e.g. resynchronization therapy. The aim was to investigate the efficacy of ICD-only therapy in primary prevention in patients with CAD or DCM. METHODS AND RESULTS: Public domain databases, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, were searched from 1980 to 2009 for randomized clinical trials of ICD vs. conventional therapy. Two investigators independently abstracted the data. Pooled estimates were calculated using both fixed-effects and random-effects models. Eight trials were included in the final analysis (5343 patients). Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators significantly reduced the arrhythmic mortality relative risk (RR): 0.40; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.27-0.67 and all-cause mortality (RR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.64-0.82). Regardless of aetiology of heart disease, ICD benefit was similar for CAD (RR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.51-0.88) vs. DCM (RR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.59-0.93). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this meta-analysis provide strong evidence for the beneficial effect of ICD-only therapy on the survival of patients with ischaemic or non-ischaemic heart disease, with a left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 35%, if they are 40 days from myocardial infarction and ≥ 3 months from a coronary revascularization procedure.
Theuns et al. (Mon,) studied this question.