Key result
Lipoprotein subclasses quantified by NMR spectroscopy explained up to 26% of variation in microvascular health (p<0.001) and 12% in macrovascular health (p=0.025).
Why the study?
Lipoproteins are important CV risk biomarkers, but how lipoprotein subclasses associate with micro- and macrovascular biomarkers to relate to atherosclerotic CV diseases required investigation.
Does the quantification of lipoprotein subclasses better explain the variance in micro- and macrovascular health compared to standard lipid measurements in healthy individuals and CV risk patients?
Observational (n=158)
Does the quantification of lipoprotein subclasses better explain the variance in micro- and macrovascular health compared to standard lipid measurements in healthy individuals and CV risk patients?
Lipoprotein subclasses quantified by NMR spectroscopy explain significantly more variance in micro- and macrovascular health than standard lipid panels, suggesting potential utility in improving cardiovascular risk stratification.
NMR lipoprotein subclasses may better explain vascular variance than standard lipids; hypothesis-generating and should not yet change practice.
Lipoproteins are important cardiovascular (CV) risk biomarkers. This study aimed to investigate the associations of lipoprotein subclasses with micro- and macrovascular biomarkers to better understand how these subclasses relate to atherosclerotic CV diseases. One hundred and fifty-eight serum samples from the EXAMIN AGE study, consisting of healthy individuals and CV risk patients, were analysed with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to quantify lipoprotein subclasses. Microvascular health was quantified by measuring retinal arteriolar and venular diameters. Macrovascular health was quantified by measuring carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). Nineteen lipoprotein subclasses showed statistically significant associations with retinal vessel diameters and nine with PWV. These lipoprotein subclasses together explained up to 26% of variation (R2 = 0.26, F(29,121) = 2.80, p < 0.001) in micro- and 12% (R2 = 0.12, F(29,124) = 1.70, p = 0.025) of variation in macrovascular health. High-density (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) as well as triglycerides together explained up to 13% (R2 = 0.13, F(3143) = 8.42, p < 0.001) of micro- and 8% (R2 = 0.08, F(3145) = 5.46, p = 0.001) of macrovascular variation. Lipoprotein subclasses seem to reflect micro- and macrovascular end organ damage more precisely as compared to only measuring HDL-C, LDL-C and triglycerides. Further studies are needed to analyse how the additional quantification of lipoprotein subclasses can improve CV risk stratification and CV disease prediction.
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Streese et al. (2022) conducted an observational in Cardiovascular risk (n=158). Lipoprotein subclasses quantification vs. HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglycerides was evaluated on Variation in microvascular (retinal vessel diameters) and macrovascular (pulse wave velocity) health (R2 0.26, p=<0.001). Lipoprotein subclasses quantified by NMR spectroscopy explained up to 26% of variation in microvascular health (p<0.001) and 12% in macrovascular health (p=0.025).
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