Key result
Smoking (beta 0.31%/pack years; 95% CI 0.06-0.55) and LDL-cholesterol (beta 1.28%/mmol/L; 95% CI 0.04-2.51) were positively associated with the augmentation index in healthy young men.
Cross-Sectional (n=330)
Smoking and LDL-cholesterol are positively associated with augmentation index in healthy young men, supporting its potential use as an early marker of vascular damage and cardiovascular risk.
May support AIx as early vascular marker in young men exposed to smoking or LDL; leaves open longitudinal prediction and causality.
BACKGROUND: There is an increasing interest in the augmentation index (AIx), the proportion of the central pulse pressure resulting from peripheral arterial wave reflection, which has been related to cardiovascular disease risk and mortality. Most of the data on the AIx have been collected in patients with established cardiovascular disease. In contrast, data in the young are scarce. However, as AIx might be used to evaluate cardiovascular disease risk already at an early age, we aimed to study determinants of AIx in a population of healthy young men. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three hundred and thirty males (mean age of 28 years) of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Young Adults study (ARYA-study) were studied in this cross sectional, population-based study. Anthropometrics and risk factors for cardiovascular disease were determined and AIx was estimated by radial applanation tonometry. The data were analysed using linear regression models. RESULTS: Augmentation index was associated with age, height (inverse), heart rate (inverse) and mean arterial pressure (positive). After adjustment for these determinants, smoking (beta = 0.31%/pack years, 95% CI [0.06; 0.55]) and LDL-cholesterol (beta = 1.28%/(mmol L(-1)), 95% CI [0.04; 2.51]) were statistically significant related to AIx. CONCLUSIONS: This study among young adult males shows that smoking and LDL-cholesterol are positively related to AIx. These findings support the view that AIx may be used as a marker for early vascular damage and cardiovascular disease risk.
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Trijp et al. (2004) conducted a cross-sectional in Healthy (n=330). Smoking and LDL-cholesterol was evaluated on Augmentation index (AIx) (beta 0.31 (smoking), beta 1.28 (LDL-C), 95% CI 0.06-0.55 (smoking), 0.04-2.51 (LDL-C)). Smoking (beta 0.31%/pack years; 95% CI 0.06-0.55) and LDL-cholesterol (beta 1.28%/mmol/L; 95% CI 0.04-2.51) were positively associated with the augmentation index in healthy young men.
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