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Classical stability theory is extended to include transient growth processes. The central role of the nonnormality of the linearized dynamical system in the stability problem is emphasized, and a generalized stability theory is constructed that is applicable to the transient as well as the asymptotic stability of time-independent flows. Simple dynamical systems are used as examples including an illustrative nonnormal two-dimensional operator, the Eady model of baroclinic instability, and a model of convective instability in baroclinic flow.
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Farrell et al. (1996) studied this question.
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