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Identical twins are used to show the long‐term effects of birth weight when genetic and many environmental factors are controlled. Female twins between the ages of 6 and 10 are evaluated for performance IQ and other measures of activity. No relationship was found between any of these measures and birth weight except for IQ. The heavier cotwin had the higher IQ score even when the birth weight of each twin was above 2,500 grams. Birth order was not associated with intelligence within the twin pairs.
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Sandra Scarr (1969) studied this question.
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