Key result
Incorporating time-of-day into diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular medications is essential due to circadian phase-dependencies in pharmacokinetics and drug effects.
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Time-of-day should be considered in cardiovascular drug dosing and formulation due to circadian variations in physiology and pharmacokinetics.
The cardiovascular system is well organized in time. Mechanisms of regulation and pathophysiological events are not evenly distributed over the 24-h scale. Moreover, certain diseases may even alter the physiological circadian pattern in the cardiovascular system. This observation bares implications for drug treatment, e.g. regarding drug formulations and dosing time intervals. Pitfalls may arise from neglecting circadian phase-dependency in pharmacokinetics and in the concentration-dependent effect relationship. Moreover, different types of drugs may be superior to others when circadian time-related symptoms are concerned. There is sound evidence that “time-of-day” has to be included in our diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Björn Lemmer (2007) conducted a review in Cardiovascular diseases. Chronopharmacology (time-of-day dosing) was evaluated. Incorporating time-of-day into diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular medications is essential due to circadian phase-dependencies in pharmacokinetics and drug effects.
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