Lack of Association of Arterial Stiffness with Cardiac Remodeling and Hemodynamics in Middle-Aged Patients with Uncomplicated Hypertension

Backround The main aim of this study was to determine correlation between parameters of arterial stiffness measured in the office (SphygmoCor) and during 24 h (Mobil-O-Graph and Arteriograph) with hemodynamic and cardiac parameters in the group of young and middle-aged patients with stage 1 primary hypertension. Results This study included 154 patients (average age 38.75 ± 12.65 years, 69.5% men). The majority of participants were overweight (48.7%) and had positive heredity on hypertension (HT) (89.6%) and cardiovascular (CV) diseases (65.4%). Pulse wave velocity (PWV), augumentation index (AiX) and amplification of pulse pressure (APP) were measured in the office and during 24 h, and cardiac parameters were measured with appropriate echocardiographic and electrocardiogram parameters. We found only higher values of office carotid-femoral (c-f) PWV values (measured in m/s), and 24 h and daily values using the Mobil-O-Graph to be associated with an increase in systemic vascular resistance (SVR) ( p < 0.05). Office arterial stiffness measurements were not inferior to 24-h measurements in correlation between parameters of cardiac remodeling and hemodynamics. ROC analysis showed very low specificity and sensitivity for predicting left ventricular hypertrophy regardless of which method was used. Analyzing PWV, the lowest cut-off value was PWV measured using the Mobil-O- Graph and was 5.75. The highest cut-off value is the PWV measured during 24 h using the Arteriograph with the corresponding sensitivity of 0.561 and slightly lower specificity of 0.467 and AUC of 0.507. Conclusion We failed to find an association between arterial stiffness and hemodynamic and cardiac remodeling. In this cohort, the only important, although weak association was found for SVR. The other important finding is the lack of superiority of 24-h arterial stiffness measurements over office c-f PWV measurement using SphygmoCor. Future multicentric studies with a larger number of subjects should be performed to prove or to reject findings.