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April 20, 2023International Journal of Circumpolar HealthOpen Access

A systematic review of HRV during diving in very cold water

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Why the study?

To review human autonomic nervous system responses in cold water diving (water temperature <5°C) and synthesize current knowledge of heart rate variability studies in diving and hyperbaric exposure.

Does cold water diving affect autonomic nervous system responses as measured by heart rate variability in humans?

Design

Systematic review

Authors

RLRichard V LundellTOTommi Ojanen

Discussion

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Overview

May inform cold-water diving safety protocols; extends HRV evidence on autonomic reflexes in immersion.

Structured PICO

Does cold water diving affect autonomic nervous system responses as measured by heart rate variability in humans?

P
Population
26 articles reviewing human autonomic nervous system responses in cold water diving (water temperature <5°C) and hyperbaric exposure.
I
Intervention
Cold water diving (water temperature <5°C) and hyperbaric exposure
O
Outcome
Autonomic nervous system (ANS) responses measured by heart rate variability (HRV)surrogate

Cold water diving predominantly increases parasympathetic nervous system activity as measured by HRV due to physiological reflexes and blood centralization.

Limitations

  • Studies from very cold water conditions were rare

Cite This Study

Lundell et al. (2023) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a1bc41800ee29383e9cdabbhttps://doi.org/10.1080/22423982.2023.2203369
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Diving Responses in Experienced Rebreather Divers: Short-Term Heart Rate Variability in Cold Water Diving2021 · 26 citations
  2. 2Diving in the Arctic: Cold Water Immersion’s Effects on Heart Rate Variability in Navy Divers2020 · 29 citations
  3. 3Commentary2001
  4. 4Assessment of a dive incident using heart rate variability2020 · 4 citations
  5. 5Enhancing Safety in Hyperbaric Environments through Analysis of Autonomic Nervous System Responses: A Comparison of Dry and Humid Conditions2023 · 1 citations