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In 1967, the first extracranial to intracranial (EC-IC) arterial anastomosis was performed. Since that time, EC-IC bypass surgery has become a widely accepted surgical treatment for patients with IC stenotic or occlusive atherosclerotic lesions. This article will discuss the history, indications, types, surgical methods, and complications of the EC-IC bypass.
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Thanapal et al. (2018) studied this question.
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