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Review describes the influence of Gaokao's centralized education system on institutions and social life.
Ofer Melamud of Northwestern University reviews “The Highest Exam: How the Gaokao Shapes China” by Ruixue Jia and Hongbin Li. The Econlit abstract of this book begins: “Describes the structure of China's education system as a centralized hierarchical tournament, focusing on how this system influences China's institutions and social life.”
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Ofer Malamud (2026) studied this question.
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