This review discusses the role of targeting complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAE) for atrial substrate modification in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation.
CFAE targeting in persistent AF should not yet change practice; leaves open the need for RCTs to define substrate modification utility.
Catheter ablation for persistent AF remains a challenge to the ablator as the disease is now outside the veins and cannot be tackled by pulmonary vein isolation alone. In this article we describe targeting complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAE) as a method to guide atrial substrate modification.
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Caldwell et al. (2012) studied this question.
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