Is brachial endothelial function (FMD) associated with carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and does it modify the effect of risk factors in healthy young adults?
Brachial endothelial dysfunction is inversely associated with carotid intima-media thickness and modifies the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and early atherosclerosis in young adults.
BACKGROUND: Endothelial vasodilator dysfunction and carotid intima-media thickening (IMT) are 2 indicators of subclinical cardiovascular disease. We examined their correlation and interaction with risk factors in a large, community-based cohort of young adults. METHODS AND RESULTS: As part of the longitudinal Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study, we measured endothelium-dependent brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and carotid artery IMT by ultrasound in 2109 healthy adults aged 24 to 39 years. FMD was inversely associated with IMT (P0.2). CONCLUSIONS: Brachial FMD is inversely associated with carotid IMT. The number of risk factors in young adults is correlated with increased IMT in subjects with evidence of endothelial dysfunction, but not in subjects with preserved endothelial function. These observations suggest that endothelial dysfunction is an early event in atherosclerosis and that the status of systemic endothelial function may modify the association between risk factors and atherosclerosis.
Juonala et al. (2004) studied this question.