Probation institution and the prevention of recidivism: domestic and foreign experience

The article draws attention to the fact that in the issues of prevention of committing new crimes a special place is given to probation as a way of combating recidivism. A convict, who has been in isolation, undergoes certain changes, previously established social ties are broken, and when released there are often serious problems with adaptation to life and risks of committing repeated crimes. The purpose of this study is to develop a reasonable system of counteraction to recidivism in modern Russia, taking into account the probation experience of some foreign countries. The research is based on the dialectical and worldview approach that determines the general principles of cognition, which allowed us to study the prevention of modern recidivism, including in the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan and the People’s Republic of China. In the process of the research the scientific hypothesis that social adaptation and rehabilitation of convicts both during the period of serving the sentence and after release has a positive impact on reducing the level of recidivism has been verified. According to the results of the conducted research the mechanism of re-socialization influence on the persons who have been subjected to criminal liability, capable to strengthen the psychological and pedagogical process in the institutions of the criminal-executive system, to prevent committing repeated crimes by the previously convicted and those who have served criminal punishment, has been developed taking into account the experience of some foreign countries.