A cadmium sol is prepared by high energy electron irradiation of a cadmium perchlorate sodium formate sodium polyphosphate solution. The absorption spectrum of the sol consists of a narrow band at 260 nm epsilon 2.0 x 10 4 M 1 cm 1 and a low intensity tail toward longer wavelengths. The sol contains single cadmium particles mean diameter 50 70 angstrom . The narrow absorption band is positioned at a slightly shorter wavelength than that calculated by Creighton and Eadon for 10 nm spherical particles. Upon aging, the particles grow and cluster together, and broad absorption bands at longer wavelengths develop. The cadmium particles have reducing properties. They dissolve upon exposure to air, methyl viologen, nitrous oxide, and carbon tetrachloride. In the two latter cases, nitrogen and chloride are formed, respectively. Changes in the optical absorption of the particles occur during their chemical reactions which are attributed to declustering. Pulse radiolysis experiments on the reduction of Cd2 were also carried out. The reduction is initiated by the hydrated electron. The Cd ion formed reacts with CO2 with a specific rate of 2 x 10 9 M 1 s 1
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Henglein et al. (1992) studied this question.