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In this paper, a new fractional-order differential equation system is developed for colon cancer to address the detailed analysis. In the model, the interaction between tumor cells, macrophage cells, dendritic cells and CD4+ T helper cells is established using Michaelis-Menten kinetics. In addition, mathematical analyses such as positivity and boundedness are also carried out. Numerical results are obtained to observe the intercellular course of colon cancer and biological interpretations are also included.
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Yavuz et al. (2025) studied this question.
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