Genetic and epigenetic correlation between diabetic retinopathy and polycystic ovarian syndrome: in-silico analyses-experimental research

Introduction: Metabolic disorders, such as diabetes, can give rise to complications like diabetic retinopathy and polycystic ovarian syndrome, which have emerged as a primary concern among healthcare systems. This study aims to explore the genetic and epigenetic associations between diabetic retinopathy and polycystic ovarian syndrome. Methods: Gene expression data were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Common genes were identified using Venn diagrams, while the Enrichment Analysis Resource database pinpointed shared signaling pathways. Additionally, shared microRNAs and circular RNAs were identified using the MiRmap and Circaintractome databases to investigate potential epigenetic links between the two conditions. Results: Analysis of datasets Gene Series Accession 53 257 and 54 248 revealed eight shared genes. These genes are involved in signaling pathways related to glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, tRNA biosynthesis, and DNA repair. Furthermore, the genes associated with miRNA (6 cases) and circular RNAs (12 cases) were identified. These molecular factors play key roles in critical biological processes such as insulin secretion, adiponectin regulation, and electron transport in the respiratory chain. Conclusion: This study highlights the genetic, epigenetic, and metabolic pathways shared between diabetic retinopathy and polycystic ovarian syndrome, demonstrating that disruptions in these pathways may exacerbate metabolic complications. Identifying common genetic and epigenetic factors provides potential avenues for the clinical management and treatment of these disorders.