Bored to death: tackling lack of activity in care homes

Approximately two thirds of people in care homes have a form of dementia ( Alzheimer's Society, 2007 ). The majority of care home residents with dementia spend most of their time engaged in no activity at all, with unstructured time accounting for two thirds of their day ( Lucero et al, 2001 ). Engagement in meaningful activity can change mood, behaviour and even cognition for the duration of the activity ( Pulsford, 1997 ). Activities expand knowledge and provide a sense of meaning and accomplishment ( Tappen, 1997 ). They facilitate socialisation and communication and enhance self-esteem ( Wald, 1993 ). Finally, they provide physical, mental and emotional stimulation ( Whitcomb, 1993 ). Therefore, failure to provide opportunities for therapeutic activities for persons with dementia is tantamount to abuse ( Crump, 1991 ). The provision of training for care home staff facilitates grading of activities to ensure they are appropriate to each resident's ability and interests. It also reduces the risk of discouragement and hostility, experienced when activity breaks down ( Pulsford, 1997 ).