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Firmware Update is a key feature for IoT, especially for LPWA end-devices with 10+ years of lifetime. LoRaWAN Firmware Update Over-The-Air is a set of application layer specifications, including Multicast Setup, Fragmentation, Clock Synchronization, Firmware Management as well as Multi-Package Access, enabling the delivery and management services of firmware updates to several end-devices.
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Julien Catalano (2021) studied this question.
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