Key result
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation with the CoreValve prosthesis significantly increased the incidence of first-degree AV block from 14% to 44% and necessitated permanent pacemaker implantation in 46% of patients at 7 days.
Why the study?
Does transcatheter aortic valve implantation with the CoreValve prosthesis cause conduction disturbances in high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis?
Observational (n=50)
No
Does transcatheter aortic valve implantation with the CoreValve prosthesis cause conduction disturbances in high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis?
TAVI with the CoreValve system is associated with a high incidence of early cardiac conduction disturbances, including new LBBB and AV block, frequently necessitating pacemaker implantation.
May warrant enhanced ECG monitoring after CoreValve TAVI; hypothesis-generating for device-specific conduction risks.
BACKGROUND: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has been developed to minimize operative morbidity and mortality in high-risk symptomatic patients unfit for open surgery. With the proximity of the aortic valve annulus to the conduction system there is, however, an unknown risk of conduction disturbances necessitating monitoring and often cardiac pacing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We enrolled 50 consecutive patients from January 2007 to 2008 in our prospective evaluation of conduction disturbances measured by surface and intracardiac ECG recordings. Baseline parameters, procedural characteristics as well as twelve-lead surface ECG and intracardiac conduction times were revealed pre-interventionally, after TAVI and at 7-day follow-up. RESULTS: TAVI was performed successfully in all patients. During 7 days of follow-up the rate for first-degree AV block raised from 14% at baseline to 44% at day 7 (p < 0.001), while rates for type II second- and third-degree were 0 versus 8% (p < 0.001) and 0 versus 12% (p < 0.001), respectively. Similarly, the prevalence of new left bundle branch block (LBBB) rose from 2 to 54% (p < 0.001). Intracardiac measurements revealed a prolongation of both AH and HV interval from 123.7 ± 41.6 to 136.6 ± 40.5 ms (p < 0.001) and from 54.8 ± 11.7 to 71.4 ± 20.0 ms (p < 0.001), respectively. Pacemaker implantation at a mean follow-up of 4.8 ± 1.2 days was subsequently performed in 23 patients (46%) due to complete AV block (12%) and type II second-degree AV block (8%) while another 13 patients (26%) received a pacemaker for the combination of new LBBB with marked HV prolongation. The high rate of first-degree AV block was primarily driven by an increase in HV interval. CONCLUSION: Cardiac conduction disturbances were common in the early experience with CoreValve implantation necessitating close surveillance for at least 1 week.
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Akın et al. (2011) conducted an observational in Severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (n=50). Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (CoreValve) vs. Baseline was evaluated on First-degree AV block (p=<0.001). Transcatheter aortic valve implantation with the CoreValve prosthesis significantly increased the incidence of first-degree AV block from 14% to 44% and necessitated permanent pacemaker implantation in 46% of patients at 7 days.
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