Key result
Periodic health checkups significantly reduced the risk of hospitalization (HR 0.825) compared to regular medical examinations alone in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Why the study?
Periodic health checkups are useful for the early detection of cardiovascular diseases, but their association with hospitalization risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus required investigation.
Do periodic health checkups reduce the risk of hospitalization in patients with type 2 diabetes?
Cohort (n=1,256)
No
Do periodic health checkups reduce the risk of hospitalization in patients with type 2 diabetes?
Effect estimate: HR 0.825 (95% CI 0.684-0.997)
Absolute Event Rate: 38.2% vs 48.2%
p-value: p=0.046
Periodic health checkups in addition to regular medical care are associated with a significantly lower risk of all-cause hospitalization in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.
Periodic checkups associated with lower T2D hospitalization; leaves open need for RCTs to confirm causality.
Introduction: Periodic health checkups (PHCs) represent a unique system in Japan that is useful for the early detection of lifestyle-related diseases and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This study aims to investigate the association of PHCs with the hospitalization risk of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted from April 2013 to December 2015 and included participant information such as CVD history, lifestyle, and whether PHC was conducted in addition to regular medical examinations. Difference in clinical data between patients with and without PHC was examined. Furthermore, Cox regression analysis was performed to investigate the independent association of PHCs with hospitalization. Results: Herein, 1,256 patients were selected and followed up for 2.35 ± 0.73 years. In the PHC group, body mass index, waist circumference, proportion of patients with a history of CVD, and number of hospitalizations were lower than those in the non-PHC group. Furthermore, the PHC group exhibited a significant association with lower hospitalization risk (hazard ratio = 0.825; 95% confidence interval, 0.684 to 0.997; p = 0.046) in the Cox model. Conclusion: This study revealed that PHCs minimized the risk of hospitalization in patients with T2DM. Furthermore, we discussed the effectiveness of PHCs in enhancing health outcomes and reducing health care costs in such patients.
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Hamasaki et al. (2023) conducted a cohort in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=1,256). Periodic health checkups (PHCs) vs. No periodic health checkups (regular medical examinations only) was evaluated on Hospitalization (HR 0.825, 95% CI 0.684-0.997, p=0.046). Periodic health checkups significantly reduced the risk of hospitalization (HR 0.825) compared to regular medical examinations alone in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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