Competition in cross-border markets of socially significant goods in Kazakhstan

In the context of the instability of global supply chains and increasing import dependence of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the competition problem in the cross-border markets of socially significant goods (SSG), such as medicines, food, beverages, and medical equipment, is particularly important. Strengthening the state's role in pricing and persistent logistical constraints requires rethinking the existing mechanisms for regulating and stimulating competition. The study of this topic allows us to identify the vulnerabilities of the economic model and determine areas for increasing the sustainability of the domestic market. Purpose of the study . The purpose of this study is to analyze the current state of competition in the crossborder markets of the Republic of Kazakhstan for SSG, as well as to identify key barriers hindering the development of a competitive environment and formulate recommendations for improving public policy in this area. Methodology . The study is based on an interdisciplinary approach, including an analysis of Kazakhstan's regulatory framework and that of foreign countries, quantitative and qualitative analyses of economic data, the results of a sociological survey, and semi-structured interviews with business entities and consumers. Particular attention is paid to the comparative analysis of legislation and mechanisms for regulating crossborder trade in socially significant goods. Scientific novelty . The study's novelty lies in the comprehensive assessment of factors that negatively affect competition in the SSG segment, such as price regulation, import dependence, and regulatory and logistical barriers, emphasizing cross-border aspects of trade. For the first time, the results of an empirical study of the perception of competition by economic entities and consumers are presented. Practical significance . The study results can be used to develop more effective antitrust policy instruments, optimize price regulation for SSG, and formulate measures to support domestic producers in the context of foreign economic competition.