Distal Radius Fracture Outcomes and Rehabilitation

Distal radius fractures account for nearly 1 of every 5 fractures in individuals aged 65 or older. Moreover, increased susceptibility to vertebral and hip fractures has been documented in patients a year after suffering a distal radius fracture. Although women are more susceptible to hip fractures, men experience a higher mortality rate in the 7 years following a distal radius fracture. Traditional approaches to distal radius fractures have included both surgical and nonsurgical treatments, with predominant complaints involving weakness, stiffness, and pain. Nonsurgical approaches include immobilization with or without reduction, whereas surgical treatments include dorsal spanning bridge plates, percutaneous pinning, external fixation, and volar plate fixation. The nature of the fracture will determine the best treatment option, and surgeons employ a multifactorial treatment approach that includes the patient's age, nature of injury, joint involvement, and displacement among other factors. Historically, closed reduction and percutaneous pinning have been the most popular approaches. However, volar plate fixation is quickly becoming a popular option as it minimizes tendon irritation, reduces immobilization time, and decreases risk of complication. The goal of treatment is to restore mobility, reduce pain, and improve functional outcomes following rehabilitation. The aim of this review is to summarize the most common treatments and importance of early referral to hand therapy to improve functional outcomes.