Key result
Influenza vaccination linked to ~57% less incident dementia in high-risk patients receiving ≥4 doses.
Why the study?
The association between influenza vaccination and a reduction in dementia was unclear with inconsistent evidence.
Does influenza vaccination reduce the risk of incident dementia in the overall population and high-risk populations?
Meta-Analysis (n=9,938,696)
Does influenza vaccination reduce the risk of incident dementia in the overall population and high-risk populations?
Influenza vaccination is associated with a dose-dependent reduction in the risk of incident dementia among high-risk populations, though this benefit was not significant in the overall population.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May support targeted vaccination in high-risk groups; leaves open causality and benefit in broader populations.
BACKGROUND: The association between influenza vaccination and a reduction in dementia was unclear with inconsistent evidence. We aimed to evaluate the association between influenza vaccination and dementia risk in the overall population and the high-risk populations for dementia, such as patients with chronic kidney syndrome (CKD), chronic obstruction pulmonary disease (COPD) and vascular disease. METHODS: We performed a systematic review and searched PubMed, Embase and CENTRAL from inception to 6 April 2025. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A random-effects model meta-analysis was executed. RESULTS: We included eight cohort studies with 9,938,696 subjects. Except for one study, the risk of bias of all other included studies was low. Influenza vaccination was associated with a reduced risk of incident dementia in high-risk populations for dementia, but not in the overall population (HR 0.93; 95% CI: 0.86-1.01). For high-risk populations, more than one dose of influenza vaccination showed an association with a lower risk of incident dementia (2-3 doses: HR 0.84; 95% CI: 0.76-0.92; ≥ 4 doses: HR 0.43; 95% CI: 0.38-0.48). CONCLUSION: Influenza vaccination was associated with a decreasing risk of incident dementia in a dose-response manner.
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Yang et al. (2025) conducted a meta-analysis in Dementia (n=9,938,696). Influenza vaccination was evaluated on Incident dementia (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.86-1.01). Influenza vaccination was associated with a dose-dependent reduction in incident dementia among high-risk populations, but not in the overall population.
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