The Relationship Between High-Quality Physical Education, Physical Literacy, and Physical Activity Participation: A Retrospective Study From U.S. College Students

= .02; CFI = 0.99; IFI = 0.99; TLI = 0.98; RMSEA = 0.05, 90% CI [0.02, 0.08]). Quality of PE has a significant direct association (β = 0.12) with physical activity and an indirect association with physical activity through physical literacy (β = 0.05). The findings illustrate that high-quality high school PE is associated with physical activity directly and indirectly through physical literacy. It is critical to provide high-quality high school PE by addressing the environment, curriculum, instruction, and assessment to develop physical literacy and physical activity participation. Improving physical literacy through high-quality PE and other settings (e.g., school sports and community clubs) is a viable way to promote PA participation.