Orthostatic Intolerance and Chronotropic Incompetence in Patients With Myalgic Encephalomyelitis or Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Figures

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  Figure 1.. Flowchart of patient selection. ME, myalgic encephalomyelitis; POTS, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome.

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  Figure 2.. Conventional active 10-min standing test recordings in a 46-year-old female patient (Patient 3) with myalgic encephalomyelitis. This patient completed the 10-min standing test with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (Upper). However, in a test the following year, she failed the test due to light-headedness and dyspnea after 7.5 min, despite having apparent normal hemodynamics, thus demonstrating chronotropic incompetence (Lower). BP, blood pressure; HR, heart rate.

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  Figure 3.. Conventional active 10-min standing test recordings in a 27-year-old female patient (Patient 10) with myalgic encephalomyelitis. The patient completed the 10-min standing test under normal hemodynamics with fatigue (Upper). However, in a test 6 months later, she failed to keep standing during the test due to dyspnea after 5 min with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (Lower). BP, blood pressure; HR, heart rate.