Space Density of Optically Selected Type 2 Quasars

Type 2 quasars are luminous active galactic nuclei (AGN) whose central regions are obscured by large amounts of gas and dust. In this paper, we present a catalog of type 2 quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), selected based on their optical emission lines. The catalog contains 887 objects with redshifts z 0.83; this is six times larger than the previous version and is by far the largest sample of type 2 quasars in the literature. We derive the OIII5008 luminosity function for 10 8.3 L ⊙ L OIII 10 10 L ⊙ (corresponding to intrinsic luminosities up to M2400˚A ≃ −28 mag or bolometric luminosities up to 4 × 10 47 erg/sec). This luminosity function provides strong lower limits to the actual space density of obscured quasars, due to our selection criteria, the details of the spectroscopic target selection, as well as other effects. We derive the equivalent luminosity function for the complete sample of type 1 (unobscured) quasars; then, we determine the ratio of type 2/type 1 quasar number densities. Our best data constrain this ratio to be at least ∼ 1.5: 1 for 10 8.3 L ⊙ L OIII 10 9.5 L ⊙ at z 0.3, and at least ∼ 1.2: 1 for L OIII ∼ 10 10 L ⊙ at 0.3 z 0.83. Type 2 quasars are at least as abundant as type 1 quasars in the relatively nearby Universe (z � 0.8) for the highest luminosities.